Implementation and Validation of a High Accuracy UAV-Photogrammetry Based Rail Track Inspection System

The regular inspection of the crane tracks of storage cranes at the Container Terminal Altenwerder (CTA), Hamburg requires high accuracy of measurements to determine its position. The allowed tolerances are in the range of 10 mm in the XY plane on a track length of 300 m. The traditional semi-automatic surveying methods are slow and require the interruption of the activities in the storage blocks. The research project AeroInspekt proposed a fully automatic measurement of the position of the tracks using UAV-based photogrammetry. In this paper, the results of the test campaign, carried out in June 2020, were presented where different cameras (150 mm and 80 mm telelens) and flight speeds (1.1 m/s and 1.9 m/s) at a 35 m flying height were performed. Furthermore, an automated rail delineation in the derived surface model was developed and evaluated with ground reference measurements. The results show that the required accuracy of the rail position with an RMSE of 3 mm in XY plane and 8 mm in altitude can be achieved with comparatively less disruption of regular block activities

Finishing the euchromatic sequence of the human genome

The sequence of the human genome encodes the genetic instructions for human physiology, as well as rich information about human evolution. In 2001, the International Human Genome Sequencing Consortium reported a draft sequence of the euchromatic portion of the human genome. Since then, the international collaboration has worked to convert this draft into a genome sequence with high accuracy and nearly complete coverage. Here, we report the result of this finishing process. The current genome sequence (Build 35) contains 2.85 billion nucleotides interrupted by only 341 gaps. It covers ∼99% of the euchromatic genome and is accurate to an error rate of ∼1 event per 100,000 bases. Many of the remaining euchromatic gaps are associated with segmental duplications and will require focused work with new methods. The near-complete sequence, the first for a vertebrate, greatly improves the precision of biological analyses of the human genome including studies of gene number, birth and death. Notably, the human enome seems to encode only 20,000-25,000 protein-coding genes. The genome sequence reported here should serve as a firm foundation for biomedical research in the decades ahead

OCTOBER 2000 3631 Sensitivity of a Regional Atmospheric Model to a Sea State-Dependent Roughness and the Need for Ensemble Calculations

ABSTRACT The sensitivity of an atmospheric high-resolution limited area model to a sea state-dependent roughness is examined. Two sets of Monte Carlo experiments are compared. In the first set the sea state was explicitly accounted for in the computation of the sea surface roughness. In the second set the roughness was parameterized by the standard Charnock relation. On climatic timescales of months and longer, the differences between the two sets are small. On the daily timescale large deviations between individual realizations of the two ensembles in the order of several hectopascals are occasionally found suggesting a considerable impact of the sea statedependent roughness on the atmospheric circulation. It is shown, however, that the comparison of individual realizations, a frequently used approach in regional sensitivity studies, can be misleading. It is found here that the largest differences between the two ensembles occurred simultaneously with high inherent model variability. In these situations an eventually existing impact of the sea state-dependent roughness on the atmospheric circulation could therefore not be discriminated from the background variability and the null hypothesis that both ensembles stem from the same population could not be rejected at given risk. At times at which the internal model variability was small a statistically significant impact of the sea state-dependent roughness on the atmospheric circulation was found. However, the impact was small and it is concluded that compared with the sea state-dependent parameterization used in this study the Charnock relation represents a reasonable parameterization in regional atmospheric climate models

Artificial Intelligence in Public Discourse

This book contains 26 studies conducted by students in the Cognitive Science seminar "Artificial Intelligence in Public Discourse". In their studies, they explore the use of the term Artificial Intelligence (AI) and related subfields in various parts of public discourse such as Twitter, user comments on news sites, expert interviews, government documents, television shows, newspapers, etc. It is investigated which strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats are ascribed to AI technology and how this relates to the technical and academic state of the art and discussion. Most studies employ qualitative methods, but quantitative and mixed-methods approaches are also used